Sau đây là những loại câu nhấn mạnh dùng đảo ngữ trong tiếng Anh:

Trong tiếng Anh,một số trạng từ, cụm trạng từ phủ định phần lớn dùng với các ngữ cảnh phủ định.Những trạng từ, cụm trạng từ này có thể được nhấn mạnh bằng cách đặt ở đầu câu hay mệnh đề và theo sau là sự đảo ngược động từ. Cách đảo động từ giống như cách cấu tạo câu hỏi (trừ một số trường hợp đặc biệt).

He is tall à  I am, too= So am I

He isn’t tallà I am not, either = Neither am I

I don’t like himà Nor do I = Neither do I

I don’t like him, nor do I hate him: Tôi không thích anh ta và cũng không ghét anh ta

I.	Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT.

 

No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).

Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).

I won’t lend you any money from now on.

• Not any/No money will I lend you from now on.

Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy.

II.	Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định NEVER ( không bao giờ, chưa bao giờ) , RARELY ( ít khi), SELDOM ( hiếm khi), LITTLE ( hầu như không), HARDLY EVER ( hầu như không bao giờ)

 

Never

 

Rarely

 

Seldom               + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf) Little

Hardly ever

She has never seen such a beautiful house in her life è     Never in her life has she seen such a beautiful picture. I seldom listen to Rock music.

• Seldom do I listen to Rock music. He hardly ever speaks in the public.
• Hardly ever does he speak in the public.

There was no precedent for the King’s resignation.

• Never before had any King resigned.

This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film.

• Never before have I seen such an interesting film.

The way so much money has been spent on so little purpose must be a record.

• Never before has so much money been spent on so little purpose.

 

III.	Đảo ngữ với ONLY:

Only once ( chỉ một lần)

Only later ( chỉ sau này)

Only in this way ( chỉ bằng cách này)

Only in that way ( chỉ bằng cách đó)

Only then ( chỉ khi ấy)                                                           +  Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf)

 

Only after + Noun/ V-ing/clause ( chỉ sau khi)

 

Only by + noun/ V-ing ( chỉ bằng cách)

Only when + clause ( chỉ khi)

Only if + clause ( chỉ nếu)

 

Only with + Noun ( chỉ với)

Only in +  adverb of time/ place ( chỉ vào/ chỉ ở)

 

Only once have I met her

Only in this way can we succeed

Only then did I realize that I had left my purpose at home.

Only when I arrived at the airport, did I realize that I had left my passport at home.

Only after a twelve hour-wait, did my flight leave

Only after posting the letter, did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.

Only if you practice English at least 2 hours a day can you master it.

Only by practicing English at least 2 hours a day can you master it.

Only with a big sum  of money can you buy a house in Hanoi.

Only in April is there this kind of flower.

 

IV.	Đảo ngữ với các cụm giới từ có NO:

 

At no time ( chưa từng bao giờ…)

 

On no account ( Với bất cứ lý do gì cũng không…)                   +   Auxiliary+ S + Verb (inf)

 

On no condition ( tuyệt đối không…)

 

Under/In no circumstances (Trong bất kỳ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không…)

For no reason ( không vì lý do gì)

In no way ( không còn cách nào)

No longer ( không còn)

The outcome of the election was never in doubt.

• At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.

 

You mustn’t touch the switch on any account.

• On no account must you touch the switch.

àFor no reason must you play truant.

 

He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day.

 

àNo longer does he smoke 20 cigarettes a day. He never suspected that she was a witch.

 

àAt no time did he suspect that she was a witch.

The money is not to be paid under any circumstances.

 

àUnder no circumstances is the money to be paid.

 

V.

Bài tập

Rewrite the sentence

1. A country can’t be prosperous if it’s not quite independent.

Only when ________________________________________________________

2. You can drive a car only after you obtain a driving licence.

Only after ________________________________________________________

3. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left.

Only after  a twelve hours wait________________________________________

4. He never suspected that money had been stolen.

At no time ________________________________________________________

5. He recognized that he had been deceived only later.

Only later________________________________________________________

6. I’ve never seen such a house .

Never ___________________________________________________________

7. Our neighbour hasn’t once invited us into his home.

Not once ________________________________________________________

8. You should phone the police whatever may happen.

Under no circumstances_____________________________________________

9. We only dispatch goods after receiving the money.

Only after the money ________________________________________________

10. I rarely buy any other papers .

Rarely ________________________________

11. He never buys a paper without reading the whole thing .

Never does ________________________________________________________

12. We seldom have enough time to read.

Seldom ___________________________________________________________

13. She’ll hardly ever read the editorials.

Hardly ____________________________

14. The outcome of the election was never in doubt.

At no time ________________________________________________________

15. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately.

So ____________________________________________________________

16. You seldom find reunited twins who do not get on well together.

Seldom ________________________________________________________

17. There many reasons were for the choice. There ________________________
18. A horse stood beside the roadside

Beside ________________________

19.You can make progress in English only by practising it everyday

Only by________________________

20. 20. I never have heard such an extraordinary story before Never before________________________________________

KEY

 

1. Only when a country is independent can it be prosperous 2.   Only after obtaining a driving license, can you drive a car
2. Only after a twelve hours wait did their flight leave.
3. At no time did he suspect that money had been stolen . 5. Only later did he recognize that he had been deceived
4. Never have I seen such a house .
5. Not once has our neighbor invited us into his home.
6. Under no circumstances should you phone the police.
7. Only after the money has been received will we dispatch
8. Rarely do I buy any other papers.
9. Never does he buy a paper without reading the whole thing . 12.Seldom do we  have enough time to read
10. Hardly will she ever read the editorials.
11. At no time was the outcome of the election  in doubt.
12. So great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately.
13. Seldom do you find reunited twins who do not get on well together.
14. There were many reasons for the choice.
15. Beside the roadside stood a horse.
16. Only by practicing English everyday  can you make progress in it.
17. Never before have I heard such an extraordinary story.
    Trên đây là một phần nội dung cơ bản về Đảo ngữ phần I.
    Chúc các em học tốt!
    Edit: Linh Trần